Cultural heritage, spiritual, cultural, economic and social capital of irreplaceable value. Equally with natural resources is the main basis for the national self-respect and recognition by the world community.The postindustrial civilization has realized the highest potential of the cultural heritage, the necessity of its protection and efficient use as one of the most important resources of the world economy. Loss of cultural values of the irreparable and irreversible. Any loss heritage inevitably affect the lives of current and future generations, will lead to spiritual degeneration and tear of historical memory, the impoverishment of society as a whole. They may not be compensated neither by the development of modern culture, nor the creation of new works. The accumulation and preservation of cultural values is the basis of development of civilization.The aim of this paper is to discuss the essence of protection of cultural heritage and museums.To achieve the aims of the work, you must perform the following tasks: 1. Consider the organizational basis for protection of national cultural heritage2. To analyse the legal framework for the protection of cultural heritage.The structure of this work consists of introduction, three main parts, conclusion and list of the used literature.1. Organizational basis for protection of national cultural heritageSocial status of modern Russia can be described as transitional. Before our eyes is formed by civil society, characterized by pluralism in the spiritual life, the creation of political and legal systems to meet international democratic standards. This society requires a high level of education, economic and political culture of the people, ability to Orient themselves in the various ideological and spiritual traditions and currents. And this requires not only a high degree of mass development of culture, but also the ability of citizens to use widely the achievements of mankind in the field of culture.The process of development of the artistic heritage has its own peculiarities. The modern trend of rethinking the role and value of cultural heritage is striving not only to keep it intact, but also actively include into the fabric of modern life. That is, the process of the history of artistic culture is here not only as the process of preservation of the past, and accumulation of cultural values, but also as a process of opening of the new in the old.In other words, cultural heritage, bears in itself the function of a truly modern phenomenon of culture. The best works of Russian art, not only continue to participate in the life of mankind, but they are of artistic culture does not know of aging.To these should be added two features of the Russian mentality, analogue that have little in the history of Western European art culture.
